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The London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine | LSHTM

Includion of young adolescents in policy development for new tuberculosis vaccines

2026

Reviews the inclusion of young adolescents aged 9-14 years in policy development for new TB vaccines, including the potential benefits of adolescent vaccination, evidence requirements, trial design, implementation considerations, and integration with existing adolescent vaccination programmes

Acceptability of a proposed new tuberculosis vaccine among people deprived of liberty in Brazil

2025

Hypothetical vaccines

Assesses acceptance of a hypothetical new TB vaccine and factors associated with vaccine hesitancy among people deprived of liberty in Brazil. The study surveyed 941 people across eight prison units in six Brazilian cities. It found 95.2% reported that they would accept a new TB vaccine if available

Accelerating research and development of new vaccines against tuberculosis

2021-2025

Hypothetical vaccines

Reviews progress since the 2021 Global TB Vaccine R&D Roadmap and identifies remaining actions needed to accelerate availability, access and uptake of new TB vaccines

Insights on the implementation strategies for a potential new tuberculosis vaccine in South Africa

2026

Hypothetical vaccines

Examines how a potential new TB vaccine could be introduced in South Africa. Interviews with 26 stakeholders explored implementation priorities, target populations, vaccine price, cost-effectiveness, regulatory approval, financing, procurement, delivery logistics, vaccine acceptability and lessons from existing vaccination programmes.

Estimating the population impact of new tuberculosis vaccines depending on efficacy against infectious asymptomatic tuberculosis:

2026

Hypothetical vaccines, M72/AS01e

Uses a dynamic TB transmission model to estimate how the population impact of future TB vaccines changes depending on whether vaccines prevent progression to infectious symptomatic TB only, all infectious TB, or all TB disease.

Tuberculosis policy should shift focus to population-level interventions for greatest impact

2026

Hypothetical vaccines

Uses mathematical modelling to compare the population-level health and economic impacts of TB interventions in Brazil, India and South Africa. It highlights mass vaccination and community-wide screening as interventions with the potential for substantial epidemiological impact.

The potential impact of novel tuberculosis vaccine introduction on economic growth in low- and middle-income countries

2023

Hypothetical vaccines

Estimates the potential economic impact of introducing novel TB vaccines in 105 low- and middle- income countries. It compares ifnant and adolescents/ adult vaccination scenarios and models their effects on TB- related mortality, morbidity, healthcare costs and GDP. Finding support decision making on the future development and introduciton of novel TB vaccines

Facing up to reality? What to do if M72/AS01E doses are limited

M72/AS01e

The Ph3 trial for the vaccine candidate M72/AS01E is underway, and, assuming a positive result, could be licensed by 2030. Modelling suggested a large potential impact from introducing M72/AS01E but assumed an unconstrained dose supply. However, at least initially, it is likely that M72/AS01E will be supply-constrained. We estimated the effect of decisions surrounding the allocation of constrained doses on the potential global impact of M72/AS01E

Acceptability of and confidence in novel tuberculosis vaccines among adults living with HIV

2026

Hypothetical vaccines

Objective: Several novel tuberculosis vaccines (NTVs) are being evaluated in clinical trials. Understanding the perception of acceptability and confidence in NTVs will inform implementation strategies. Conclusion: NTV acceptability was high amongst these PWH, and they preferred community-based delivery models. Our findings may inform strategies to increase implementation of NTVs among PWH in South Africa.

New Tuberculosis vaccines for people with HIV

2025

Hypothetical vaccines

Mathematical modelling study assessing how different strategies for vaccinating people with and without HIV could reduce TB cases among people with HIV in high HIV/TB burden countries