Prevention of disease Archives

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Prevention of disease

Prevention of disease refers to the ability of the vaccine to protect individuals from becoming sick from the tuberculosis (TB) bacteria after exposure to it. It does not necessarily prevent a person from getting infected with the TB bacteria.

Potential impact of tuberculosis vaccines in China, South Africa, and India

2020

BCG revaccination, M72/AS01e

Completed

To inform vaccine development decision making, we modeled the impact of hypothetical tuberculosis vaccines in three high-burden countries.

Part of Change 2.0

2024-2027

Hypothetical vaccines

Planned

Actionable market intelligence, including vaccine demand forecast/scenarios, generated to strategically guide manufacturers and partners in their planning for introduction in high burden countries. The objectives include: 1. Strategic assessment of appropriate market-shaping interventions, 2.Stakeholder and decision process mapping , 3.Demand dynamics understanding and realistic market forecast development, 4. Commercialization strategy support for lead candidate(s).

Impact of targeted tuberculosis vaccination among a mining population in South Africa: A model based study

2017

Hypothetical vaccines

Completed

We developed an individual-based TB transmission model representing a hypothetical population consisting of people who worked in South African gold mines or lived in associated labor-sending communities. We simulated the implementation of a postinfection adult vaccine with 60% efficacy and a mean effect duration of 10 years.

Potential impact of spatially targeted adult tuberculosis vaccine in Gujarat, India

2016

Hypothetical vaccines

Completed

we aimed to estimate the impact of vaccine delivery strategies that were targeted to high-incidence geographical 'hotspots' compared with randomly allocated vaccination. We developed a spatially explicit mathematical model of TB transmission that distinguished these hotspots from the general population.

The health and economic benefits possible with novel tuberculosis vaccines – A modeling study in India and Indonesia

2021

M72/AS01e

Completed

We estimated gains possible with novel post-exposure vaccines, in India and Indonesia. We modeled vaccine impact on TB incidence, TB mortality, and on national income growth and the intrinsic value of living longer, known as Full-income.

The epidemiologic impact and cost-effectiveness of new tuberculosis vaccines on multidrug resistant tuberculosis in India and China

2021

Hypothetical vaccines

Completed

We investigated the epidemiologic impact, cost-effectiveness, and budget impact of hypothetical novel prophylactic prevention of disease TB vaccines on RR/MDR-TB in China and India.

Epidemiological impact of targeted interventions for people with diabetes mellitus on tuberculosis transmission in India: Modelling based predictions

2020

Hypothetical vaccines

Completed

We aimed to assess the impact on TB disease of several intervention strategies targeting people with DM in India.

Evaluating vaccination strategies for tuberculosis in endemic and non-endemic settings

2019

Hypothetical vaccines

Completed

We propose a continuous age-structured model for the epidemiology of tuberculosis with pre- and post-exposure vaccination. We use uncertainty and sensitivity analysis to make predictions about the efficacy of different vaccination strategies in a non-endemic setting (United States) and an endemic setting (Cambodia). In particular, we determine optimal age groups to target for pre-exposure and post-exposure vaccination in both settings.

Cost-effectiveness of routine adolescent vaccination with an M72/AS01E-like tuberculosis vaccine in South Africa and India

2022

M72/AS01e

Completed

We estimated the impact and cost-effectiveness of six scenarios of routine adolescent M72/AS01E-like vaccination in South Africa and India.

Impact and cost-effectiveness of new tuberculosis vaccines in low- and middle-income countries.

2014

Hypothetical vaccines

Completed

To aid in prioritizing the development of tuberculosis (TB) vaccines most likely to reach the 2050 TB elimination goal, we estimated the impact and cost-effectiveness of a range of vaccine profiles in low- and middle-income countries.