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Hypothetical vaccines

A hypothetical TB vaccine refers to a vaccine that currently does not exist. It is a hypothetical scenario with a vaccine that may protect against infection and/or disease and/or recurrence to a certain extent. Usually WHO guidance is followed to inform these hypothetical vaccines (An investment case for new tuberculosis vaccines (who.int).

Knowledge of tuberculosis and vaccine trial preparedness in Lima, Peru

2017

Hypothetical vaccines

Study asseses knowledge and perception of TB among people in Lima, Peru with particular attention to their willingness and preparedness to participate in a future TB vaccine trial. It examined factors that could influence participation, including knowledge of TB, attitudes towards vaccination, and willingness to participate in research.

Part of Change 2.0

2024-2027

Hypothetical vaccines

Actionable market intelligence, including vaccine demand forecast/scenarios, generated to strategically guide manufacturers and partners in their planning for introduction in high burden countries. The objectives include: 1. Strategic assessment of appropriate market-shaping interventions, 2.Stakeholder and decision process mapping , 3.Demand dynamics understanding and realistic market forecast development, 4. Commercialization strategy support for lead candidate(s).

Acceptability of and confidence in novel tuberculosis vaccines among adults living with HIV

2026

Hypothetical vaccines

Objective: Several novel tuberculosis vaccines (NTVs) are being evaluated in clinical trials. Understanding the perception of acceptability and confidence in NTVs will inform implementation strategies. Conclusion: NTV acceptability was high amongst these PWH, and they preferred community-based delivery models. Our findings may inform strategies to increase implementation of NTVs among PWH in South Africa.

New Tuberculosis vaccines for people with HIV

2025

Hypothetical vaccines

Mathematical modelling study assessing how different strategies for vaccinating people with and without HIV could reduce TB cases among people with HIV in high HIV/TB burden countries

A model for the epidemiological impact of tuberculosis policy options

2026

Hypothetical vaccines

Develops a new TB transmission model to help decision-makers comapre the epidemiological impact of different TB interventions and allocate resources. The model incorporates diagnosis, treatment, drug resistance, HIV status, age, and vaccination status, and was calibrated using data from 29 high burden countries. It demonstrates the potential impact of comprehensive TB interventions in Indonesia and Nigeria, including the possible use of a post-exposure TB vaccine

Community willingness towards a hypothetical new TB vaccine

2026

Hypothetical vaccines

Qualitative study exploring community willingness to accept a future TB vaccine in Nepal. It examines how knowledge, previous vaccination experiences, trust in health services, misinformation, perceived safety and effectiveness, costs, transportation, service delivery barriers and gender rleated actor influence willingness to receive a new TB vaccine

Prevention is better than cure’: a mixed methods study of communities’ and healthcare workers’ perspectives on new adult and adolescent TB vaccines and their implementation in Zambia

2024

Hypothetical vaccines

Mixed methods study examining community members' and healthcare workers' views on future TB vaccines for adults and adolescents in Zamibia. It assesses willingness to receive a TB vaccine, preferred vaccine characteristics, concerns about safety and efficacy, trusted information sources, barriers to uptake, and preferred approaches for vaccine delivery and implementation.

How can new TB vaccines be effectively introduced in Indonesia?

2026

Hypothetical vaccines

Explores how Indonesia could prepare for and successfully introduce a new adult TB vaccine. It brought together 28 stakeholders form TB, immunisation and international organisations to examine potential target popualtions, delievery strategies, financing , vaccine accpetability, helath system readinessfor vaccine introduction

Global impact and cost-effectiveness of tuberculosis interventions

2026

Hypothetical vaccines

The modelling study compares the population-level impact and cost-effectiveness of TB vaccination with other TB interventions. It models vaccination scale-up in Brazil, India, and South Africa and estimates that vaccination could prevent 15-28% of symptomatic TB episodes by 2050. It provides evidence to inform investment, policy, and planning for future TB vaccine introduction and scale-up.

The potential impact of novel tuberculosis vaccine introduction on economic growth in low- and middle-income countries

2023

Hypothetical vaccines

Estimates the potential economic impact of introducing novel TB vaccines in 105 low- and middle- income countries. It compares ifnant and adolescents/ adult vaccination scenarios and models their effects on TB- related mortality, morbidity, healthcare costs and GDP. Finding support decision making on the future development and introduciton of novel TB vaccines