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Research overview-2025: integrating scientific progress to accelerate global tuberculosis elimination

2025-2026

Reviews scientific progress in tuberculosis research during 2025 and discusses how advances across different areas can contribute to accelerating global TB eliminated including progress in tuberculosis vaccine development

Tuberculosis policy should shift focus to population-level interventions for greatest impact

2026

Hypothetical vaccines

Uses mathematical modelling to compare the population-level health and economic impacts of TB interventions in Brazil, India and South Africa. It highlights mass vaccination and community-wide screening as interventions with the potential for substantial epidemiological impact.

Advancing national preparedness for the introduction of novel tuberculosis vaccines in South Africa

2025-2026

M72/AS01e, MTBVAC

The workshop aimed to align stakeholders on priority populations and delivery strategies for future TB vaccines, identify evidence needs to inform national policy decision-making, and outline actions required to ensure timely and equitable introduction.

How to introduce new TB vaccine in adolescents and adults: Insights from Key Stakeholders in Mozambique, Southern Africa

2024-2026

Hypothetical vaccines

Assesses stakeholder perspectives on introducing a new TB vaccine in Mozambique, including with high-risk groups should be prioritised, challenges in reaching different populations, expected vaccine uptake and coverage, and appropriate delivery stategies.

Target Tuberculosis vaccination strategies in the United States

2026

Hypothetical vaccines

Uses a mathematical model to evaluate targeted TB vaccination strategies in the United States. The study examines which high-risk groups should be prioritised for a future adult TB vaccine, including people living with HIV, people with medical comorbidities, and people born outside the United States

Prevention is better than cure’: a mixed methods study of communities’ and healthcare workers’ perspectives on new adult and adolescent TB vaccines and their implementation in Zambia

2024

Hypothetical vaccines

Mixed methods study examining community members' and healthcare workers' views on future TB vaccines for adults and adolescents in Zamibia. It assesses willingness to receive a TB vaccine, preferred vaccine characteristics, concerns about safety and efficacy, trusted information sources, barriers to uptake, and preferred approaches for vaccine delivery and implementation.

Facing up to reality? What to do if M72/AS01E doses are limited

M72/AS01e

The Ph3 trial for the vaccine candidate M72/AS01E is underway, and, assuming a positive result, could be licensed by 2030. Modelling suggested a large potential impact from introducing M72/AS01E but assumed an unconstrained dose supply. However, at least initially, it is likely that M72/AS01E will be supply-constrained. We estimated the effect of decisions surrounding the allocation of constrained doses on the potential global impact of M72/AS01E

How can new TB vaccines be effectively introduced in Indonesia?

2026

Hypothetical vaccines

Explores how Indonesia could prepare for and successfully introduce a new adult TB vaccine. It brought together 28 stakeholders form TB, immunisation and international organisations to examine potential target popualtions, delievery strategies, financing , vaccine accpetability, helath system readinessfor vaccine introduction

Willingness to receive a future adult tuberculosis vaccine in Lusaka, Zambia: Perspectives from community members and healthcare workers

One or more new adult TB vaccines could become available in the next 5-7 years. To assess willingness to receive a new TB vaccine, we conducted a household- and facility-based survey among adult community members and healthcare workers (HCWs), respectively, in Lusaka, Zambia

Global impact and cost-effectiveness of tuberculosis interventions

2026

Hypothetical vaccines

The modelling study compares the population-level impact and cost-effectiveness of TB vaccination with other TB interventions. It models vaccination scale-up in Brazil, India, and South Africa and estimates that vaccination could prevent 15-28% of symptomatic TB episodes by 2050. It provides evidence to inform investment, policy, and planning for future TB vaccine introduction and scale-up.