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Targeted Tuberculosis (TB) Vaccination Strategies in the United States: A Modeling Study

2026

Tuberculosis (TB) incidence in the United States has remained elevated above pre-pandemic levels since 2021, with over 85% of cases resulting from reactivation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. New vaccines that would prevent TB in adults are under development, but the potential health impact of a program prioritizing non-U.S.-born persons and persons with medical comorbidities, including persons living with HIV (PLWH), has not been evaluated.

Target Tuberculosis vaccination strategies in the United States

2026

Hypothetical vaccines

Uses a mathematical model to evaluate targeted TB vaccination strategies in the United States. The study examines which high-risk groups should be prioritised for a future adult TB vaccine, including people living with HIV, people with medical comorbidities, and people born outside the United States

Evaluating vaccination strategies for tuberculosis in endemic and non-endemic settings

2019

Hypothetical vaccines

We propose a continuous age-structured model for the epidemiology of tuberculosis with pre- and post-exposure vaccination. We use uncertainty and sensitivity analysis to make predictions about the efficacy of different vaccination strategies in a non-endemic setting (United States) and an endemic setting (Cambodia). In particular, we determine optimal age groups to target for pre-exposure and post-exposure vaccination in both settings.

Estimating the epidemiologic impact of new TB vaccines in the U.S.

2022-2024

Hypothetical vaccines

This is a study funded by the American Lung Association which will explore the potential impact of targeted implementation of a prevention of disease vaccine in a low TB burden country, the U.S.A.