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Accessibility

Accessibility refers to equitable delivery aimed at all who could benefit from a new TB vaccine for adults and adolescents. This includes defined implementation strategies, having delivery systems and sustainable financing strategies in place. This follows from the WHO global framework for country introduction of new adolescent and adult TB vaccines (https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/who-global-framework-to-prepare-for-country-introduction-of-new-tb-vaccines-for-adults-and-adolescents)

ZAMSA-TB: Advancing epidemiological methods for surveillance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection

2024-2028
Hypothetical vaccines, M72/AS01e
Multi-country study developing and validating clinic-based convenience sampling of Mtb immunoreactivity (IGRA) in children aged 1-5 as a sentinel measure of recent TB transmission. Outputs include geospatial identification of high-transmission neighbourhoods to target adult/adolescent vaccine delivery, and Monte Carlo simulations to size convenience-sampling surveys able to detect population-level vaccine effectiveness during roll-out.

Tuberculosis Integrated Model-Based Evidence and Recommendations (TIMBER) for robust TB vaccine decision-making by National Immunization Technical Advisory Groups (NITAGs) in Africa.

2025 - 2028
Hypothetical vaccines
The TIMBER study is a multi-country research study aimed at strengthening the use of model-based evidence to support national decision-making on the introduction of new TB vaccines in Africa. The study brings together National Immunization Technical Advisory Groups (NITAGs), policymakers, researchers, modellers and other stakeholders in South Africa, Kenya and The Gambia to co-create models and explore how modelling can be used effectively within the WHO Evidence-to-Recommendation process. TIMBER will generate country-specific evidence, strengthen capacity for using modelling in vaccine policy decisions, and develop practical approaches to support timely, evidence-informed introduction of new TB vaccines.

Stakeholder perspectives on the potential introduction of a novel tuberculosis vaccine for adolescents and adults in Pakistan: A qualitative study

2024-2026
Hypothetical vaccines
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health challenge globally, with Pakistan ranking among the highest TB burden countries worldwide. Although several novel TB vaccine candidates for adolescents and adults are advancing through late-stage clinical trials, little is known about how these vaccines may be introduced in high-burden settings such as Pakistan. Understanding stakeholder perspectives is crucial for informing early implementation planning and policy development
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