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Emory University

Targeted Tuberculosis (TB) Vaccination Strategies in the United States: A Modeling Study

2026
Hypothetical vaccines
Tuberculosis (TB) incidence in the United States has remained elevated above pre-pandemic levels since 2021, with over 85% of cases resulting from reactivation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. New vaccines that would prevent TB in adults are under development, but the potential health impact of a program prioritizing non-U.S.-born persons and persons with medical comorbidities, including persons living with HIV (PLWH), has not been evaluated.

Stakeholder perspectives on the potential introduction of a novel tuberculosis vaccine for adolescents and adults in Pakistan: A qualitative study

2024-2026
Hypothetical vaccines
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health challenge globally, with Pakistan ranking among the highest TB burden countries worldwide. Although several novel TB vaccine candidates for adolescents and adults are advancing through late-stage clinical trials, little is known about how these vaccines may be introduced in high-burden settings such as Pakistan. Understanding stakeholder perspectives is crucial for informing early implementation planning and policy development

TBVacMod

Estimate the health impact of introducing a prevention of disease vaccine for adult and adolescents in moderate to high TB burden countries. Explore different vaccine introduction scenarios based on input from country stakeholders, including national TB program and immunization program officials, on priority groups for vaccination and likely vaccine coverage. The project's key questions include: 1) who are the priority groups in different countries and what is expected level of vaccine coverage in those groups 2) how will vaccine impact differ in different introduction scenarios (vary age, priority group, coverage)

An effective vaccine is only the first step: the need to create and sustain demand for TB vaccines

2023
Understanding public willingness to receive new TB vaccines, as well as defining how to address any barriers to acceptance, will be key to ensuring that the promise of these vaccines can be fully realized. Although we can learn from previous vaccine intro ductions, it is imperative we close key research gaps specific to new TB vaccines. This will inform the development of interventions to generate and sustain high demand for TB vaccines in communities that stand to benefit the most
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