About
Supporting, Mobilizing, and Accelerating Research for Tuberculosis Elimination (SMART4TB) is a five-year cooperative agreement made possible by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), with the assistance of the American people, that aims to transform TB prevention and care. Vaccine Preparedness is one of SMART4TB’s focus areas and this platform showcases completed, ongoing, and planned TB vaccine preparedness projects to foster collaboration among the many actors in this space. To learn more about our methodology for the repository, visit the Overview section.
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Projects and Initiatives
Acceptability and effect on public and cost-effectiveness impact
Understanding the acceptability of new TB vaccines, and their impact on health, cost-effectiveness, and budget, by socio-economic and risk group, in likely early adopter and other archetype countries.
The potential impact of novel tuberculosis vaccines on health equity and financial protection in low-income and middle-income countries
We assessed the potential financial risk protection from introducing novel TB vaccines, and how health and economic benefits would be distributed across income quintiles.
Systematic review of mathematical models exploring the epidemiological impact of future TB vaccines
The aim was to provide a summary of the modeling methodology used, the characteristics of future TB vaccines explored using modeling, and the comparative epidemiological impact of such novel vaccine profiles.
New tuberculosis vaccines: advances in clinical development and modelling
We summarize the mathematical modelling literature used to inform vaccine development, focusing on models that address the epidemiologic impact of new TB vaccines. Finally,we describe the future for TB vaccines in the effort towards TB elimination
Potential implementation strategies, acceptability, and feasibility of new and repurposed TB vaccines
Our study provides crucial information for implementing novel TB vaccines in specific target groups and on country specific acceptability and feasibility. Key groups for vaccine implementation in these settings were identified, and should be included in clinical trials and implementation planning.
Mapping the existing body of knowledge on new and repurposed TB vaccine implementation: A scoping review
By synthesizing the existing body of knowledge, this review offers comprehensive insights into the current state of research on implementation of these TB adults and adolescent vaccines. Offering insights into key dimensions: (1) epidemiological impact, (2) costing, cost-effectiveness, and/or economic impact, (3) acceptability, and the (4) feasibility of implementation; this includes implementation strategies of target populations, and health system capabilities.
What do people want?
Investigate current TB prevention modalities vs vaccine. We lack understanding of preferences and trade offs people would be willing to make across a spectrum of issues related to study design, type of vaccines, how they are given, how often, where they are given, to whom, efficacy estimates and side effects etc.
Conducting market analyses for new tuberculosis vaccines for adolescents and adults: A summary of one approach applied to M72/AS01E
A summary report of the methodology used in the MM Global Health Consulting (MMGH) market anlysis and the high-level findings and recommendations.
The cost and cost-effectiveness of novel tuberculosis vaccines in low- and middle-income countries: A modeling study
We assessed future costs, cost-savings, and cost-effectiveness of introducing novel TB vaccines in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) for a range of product characteristics and delivery strategies.
The impact of alternative delivery strategies for novel tuberculosis vaccines in low-income and middle-income countries: a modelling study
We estimated the impact of novel tuberculosis vaccines in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) in several delivery scenarios.
ACEITar: Evaluation of the acceptability of new and repurposed tuberculosis vaccines in Mozambique
This is a mixed-methods study collecting information on willingness to receive a new TB vaccine among adolescents, their caretakers, and adults in Mozambique, a high TB burden country, to assess potential barriers to high uptake of new TB vaccines.
Country and target population prioritization
Evidence-based matrixing approach to identify priority countries and target populations through an iterative process, engaging a set of diverse stakeholders
Modelling the health and economic impacts of M72/AS01E vaccination and BCG-revaccination: estimates for South Africa
we used a mathematical model to estimate the health impact and cost-effectiveness of M72/AS01E and BCG-revaccination in South Africa under a range of vaccine characteristics and delivery assumptions
An investment case for new tuberculosis vaccines
This document summarizes the results of the WHO-commissioned full value proposition for new TB vaccines. It is for use by national and global decision-makers involved in vaccine development and implementation.
Evidence considerations for vaccine policy development for tuberculosis vaccines intended for adults and adolescents
The ECVP facilitates early engagement and alignment across the stakeholders involved in vaccine development and those responsible for vaccine regulatory, policy, funding and country introduction decisions. This framework aims to anticipate and collectively delineate the clinical trial, observational, and other data likely to be required by global and national policymakers, and to do so when most valuable – during development of the late-stage clinical plan, including the design of the pivotal licensure trial.
A global framework to prepare for country introduction of new TB vaccines for adults and adolescents
New vaccines for the prevention of TB disease in adolescents and adults could become available in the next 3-5 years. WHO has therefore developed a Global Framework to prepare for Country Introduction of New TB Vaccines for Adults and Adolescents which aims to guide countries and global stakeholders in preparing for the introduction and scale-up in countries. This framework has been drafted in collaboration with a WHO Expert Advisory Group and in consultation with other stakeholders, and describes critical activities to prepare for introduction decision-making and subsequent implementation and impact of new TB vaccines for adults and adolescents.
Preferred product characteristics for new tuberculosis vaccine
The document presents WHO preferences for new tuberculosis vaccines, driven by the high medical need for contribution to the fight against TB, in alignment with the End TB strategy. Priorities are for a vaccine to be administered to adolescents and adults for prevention of pulmonary tuberculosis and reduction of transmission, and for a pediatric vaccine with improved safety and efficacy as compared to BCG.
Preferred product characteristics for therapeutic vaccines to improve tuberculosis treatment outcomes
The preferred product characteristics (PPC) for therapeutic TB vaccines described in this document are intended to provide guidance to scientists, funding agencies, public and private sector organizations developing such vaccine candidates. This document presents potential clinical end-points for ev idence generation and discusses key considerations about potential clinical development strategies
Estimating the epidemiologic impact of new TB vaccines in the U.S.
This is a study funded by the American Lung Association which will explore the potential impact of targeted implementation of a prevention of disease vaccine in a low TB burden country, the U.S.A.
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