A workshop to asked high TB burden country experts about what epidemiological, impact, feasibility and acceptability data they anticipated they would need to guide TB vaccine introduction.
Using previously calibrated models for India and South Africa, we simulated BCG revaccination assuming 45% prevention-of-infection efficacy, and we evaluated scenarios varying additional prevention-of-disease efficacy between +50% (reducing risk) and −50% (increasing risk).
We assessed future costs, cost-savings, and cost-effectiveness of introducing novel TB vaccines in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) for a range of product characteristics and delivery strategies.
We assessed the potential financial risk protection from introducing novel TB vaccines, and how health and economic benefits would be distributed across income quintiles.
The aim was to provide a summary of the modeling methodology used, the characteristics of future TB vaccines explored using modeling, and the comparative epidemiological impact of such novel vaccine profiles.
We summarize the mathematical modelling literature used to inform vaccine development, focusing on models that address the epidemiologic impact of new TB vaccines. Finally,we describe the future for TB vaccines in the effort towards TB elimination
Our study provides crucial information for implementing novel TB vaccines in specific target groups and on country specific acceptability and feasibility. Key groups for vaccine implementation in these settings were identified, and should be included in clinical trials and implementation planning.
Understanding the acceptability of new TB vaccines, and their impact on health, cost-effectiveness, and budget, by socio-economic and risk group, in likely early adopter and other archetype countries.